Telebista ikusten baduzu, ziurrenik Tom Selleck aktorea bezalako ahots ezagunak ikusi dituzu alderantzizko hipotekak edozein erretiratuentzako tresna ezinbestekotzat jotzen dituela. Hala ere, finantza-produktu bakoitzak bi alde ditu, beraz, arretaz haztatu alderantzizko hipoteka baten alde onak eta txarrak.
Zer da alderantzizko hipoteka?
A reverse mortgage allows homeowners over the age of 62 to convert real estate capital into cash.
Alderantzizko hipoteken gehiengoa Etxebizitza Administrazio Federalak (FHA) aseguratuta dago, hau da, mailegu-hartzaileak zorra huts egiten badu, FHA erreserbak erabiliz ordainduko da.
Gobernuak alderantzizko hipotekei "HECMs" edo etxebizitza-baliabide bihurtzeko hipotekak esaten die, eta maileguek aseguru-prima bat eta 0,5% urteko prima ordaindu behar dituzte parte hartzeko. Prima hauek FHAren erreserbak finantzatzeko erabiltzen dira.
FHAk bermatutako alderantzizko hipotekez gain, beste bi mota daude:
Jabetza Alderantzizko Hipotekak - Mailegu pribatuen bidez eskuragarri daude eta ez daude FHA kreditu-lerroen menpe.
Helburu bakarreko Alderantzizko Hipotekak - Ez dira hain ohikoak eta hipoteka horietako batetik lortzen duzun dirua helburu zehatz baterako soilik erabil daiteke, adibidez. B. Etxearen zati bat berritu edo ondasun higiezinen gaineko zergak ordaintzea. Aukera hauek estatuko eta tokiko gobernu batzuen eta irabazi-asmorik gabeko erakunde batzuen bidez aurki ditzakezu.
Nola funtzionatzen du alderantzizko hipoteka batek?
Alderantzizko hipoteka batek fakturak berehala ordaindu gabe dirua lortzeko aukera ematen du.
Consider this math: In a traditional mortgage, if you borrow $100,000 at a fixed rate of 6.71% for 30 years, you would pay $648 per month (principal and interest). If you borrow $100,000 in a reverse mortgage, your required monthly principal and interest payments are zero.
Too good to be true? OK then. You will still owe money. You don’t have to pay back the money until you sell the house, move out, or die. If the latter is the end of your reverse mortgage, the responsibility for paying the debt rests with your spouse or heirs, who may have to sell the home.
In our $100,000 mortgage example, the borrower pays about $648 per month. Of that, about $69 is paid in the first month to reduce the loan balance. The rest of the payment — about $447 — is interest, or what the lender charges you to borrow money — plus an estimated average property tax, which varies by region. The payment plan continues monthly, with more principal payments and less interest over time, until the loan term expires.
Reverse mortgages reverse this process. Instead of paying monthly, you don’t have to pay anything. However, that doesn’t mean the loan is free. The cost of interest is added to the mortgage balance, so the balance increases in the second month. Since the loan balance is now slightly larger and the interest cost is slightly higher, this process continues until the loan is repaid. This repayment is usually made within a year of moving out or death.
Alderantzizko hipoteka baten abantailak
Zure erretiro-gastua hobeto kudeatu dezakezu
Adineko askok diru-sarreren beherakada nabarmena dute erretiroa hartu ostean, eta hileroko ordainketak izan daitezke gasturik handiena. Alderantzizko hipoteka batek zure diru-sarrera murriztua osatzeko eta fakturak ordaintzen jarraitzeko aukera ematen dizu.
Ez duzu mugitu behar
Rather than leaving your home, a reverse mortgage allows you to grow old in place (and possibly stay close to friends and family). While reverse mortgages have costs, in the long run, getting a reverse mortgage can be cheaper than moving and buying another home or renting in a new location.
Ez duzu zergarik ordaindu behar zure diru-sarreren gainean
The income you get from a reverse mortgage isn’t taxed because the IRS considers the money “from the loan.” However, tax regulations can be complex, so be sure to consult a tax professional before taking a reverse mortgage.
Babestuta zaude saldoak zure etxebizitzaren balioa gainditzen badu
As the reverse mortgage balance grows over time, it has the potential to exceed the fair market value of the property. However, the amount of debt to be paid cannot exceed the value of the property, as a reverse mortgage is an example of non-recourse financing. As a result, in this case, the mortgage lender cannot make any claims against your other assets or your heirs.
Zure oinordekoak aukera du
Alderantzizko hipotekei esker, mailegu-hartzaileek amortizazio aurreratuak egin ditzakete, baina normalean mailegu-hartzailea mugitzen, etxea saltzen edo hiltzen denean amaitzen da. Testuaren kasuan, oinordekoek hainbat aukera dituzte: ondasunak saldu ditzakete zorra kitatzeko eta ondarea maileguaren saldoaren gainetik ekartzea; ondasunak nahikoa balio badu, etxebizitza mantendu eta alderantzizko hipotekaren saldoa birfinantza dezakezu edo, zorrak higiezinaren balioa gainditzen badu, jaraunsleak mailegua kitatu dezake mailegu-emaileari ondasuna itzuliz. Mailegu emaileak aseguru konpainiaren aurka (ia beti FHA) erreklamazio bat aurkeztu ahal izango du ordaindu gabeko saldoagatik.
Disadvantages of reverse mortgages
Ordaindu egin behar duzu
The cost of a reverse mortgage includes lender fees (up to $6,000 in initial fees, depending on the size of your loan), FHA insurance fees, and closing fees. These costs can be added to the loan balance; however, this means the borrower will have more debt and less equity. You’ll also pay a nasty monthly service fee, which can increase by up to $35 if your interest rate is adjusted monthly.
Ezin duzu zure zergetatik interesik kendu mailegua ordaindu arte
Mortgage interest can be deducted from taxes when you pay off your mortgage, but you cannot deduct interest on a reverse mortgage each year. You only receive this benefit when you actually pay off the loan.
Baliteke programaren beste eskakizun batzuk nahi gabe urratzea
Laburbilduz, alderantzizko hipoteka batek Medicaid eta Segurtasun Errenta Osagarriaren (SSI) programaren aktiboen mugak urratzea eragin dezake. Konplikatua da, beraz, ziurtatu geriatriko eskubideen abokatua edo klinika juridikoa kontsultatzea alderantzizko hipoteka programa bat bilatu aurretik.
Zure etxea exekuzioan egon daiteke
Since reverse mortgages do not require monthly principal and interest payments, foreclosure seems impossible. However, this is not the case; foreclosures can occur if you do not comply with property taxes, homeowners insurance, or required HOA fees.
You may not be able to navigate state changes
Reverse mortgages can be complicated, and when your status changes, so can your reverse mortgage options. For example, if you go to a long-term care facility, will you still be considered a resident of your home? If you get married after getting a reverse mortgage, will your spouse have to move out of the property when you die? For more information on these and other issues, you’d be better off talking to a lender, a lawyer specializing in seniors’ rights, or contacting a free legal clinic.
Nor da alderantzizko hipoteka baterako hautagai ona?
Alderantzizko hipoteka benetan ideia ona al da etxebizitza arriskuan jartzeko balizko konplexutasuna eta arriskua kontuan hartuta? Etxe-jabe batzuentzat, erantzuna baiezkoa izan daiteke:
If you plan to stay at home long-term – since you will be paying additional closing costs through a reverse mortgage, you will need to stay at home long enough to justify the cost. So if you’re 62, have a history of longevity, and believe that your current location is your forever home, a reverse mortgage might make sense. And if you live in a market where property values ​​are rising rapidly, your property may be worth more when you or your heirs pay off the loan.
When you need more money for day-to-day expenses—if you’re struggling to manage retirement expenses, a reverse mortgage can help you have the cash ready to handle those tasks. With the consumer price index reflecting sharp increases in many spending categories like food and gasoline, this may be your immediate need.
Zeintzuk dira alderantzizko hipoteken hautagai txarrak?
Alderantzizko hipoteka aukera ona ez den seinale asko daude:
If you’re planning a move — keep in mind that you’ll need a long runway to make it worthwhile to pay all of your closing costs, mortgage insurance premiums, and other expenses. So if you think you may soon be moving to a new location or downsizing to a smaller location, stay away from reverse mortgages.
Needing to move for health reasons – a reverse mortgage requires you to live at home, which means moving to a nursing home or some sort of assisted living may result in you having to pay off your loan. If you are constantly worried about your health, it may be wise to avoid a reverse mortgage.
But if you are struggling to pay the other costs of your home-one of the most important components of a reverse mortgage is your ability to pay your property taxes and homeowner’s insurance. And if you have been struggling to raise money for these basic expenses, increasing your debt should not be on the table.
Hona hemen Nola Lortu Alderantzizko Hipoteka Zuretzat egokia bada
Alderantzizko hipoteka bat zuretzat ona dela uste baduzu abantailak eta txarrak aztertu badituzu, hona hemen nola lortu:
Ea gaitzen zaren. Alderantzizko hipoteka bat lortzeko, funtsezko baldintza batzuk bete behar dituzu: gutxienez 62 urte izan behar dituzu, zure etxean bizi eta aktibo handiak izan (normalean 50% gutxienez).
Ezagutu HUDk onartutako finantza-aholkulari batekin. Alderantzizko hipotekak oso konplexuak direnez, zure aukera guztietan gidatuko zaituen aditu batekin elkartu beharko zara.
Konparatu hainbat emaile. Mailegu emaile bakoitza desberdina da eta kuota desberdinak kobratzen ditu. Ziurtatu aukera sorta bat aztertzen duzula sarrera- eta likidazio-kostu txikienak aurkitzeko, baita tarifarik lehiakorrenak aurkitzeko.
Eztabaidatu hau zure oinordekoekin. Zure etxebizitza zure etxeko inori uzteko asmoa baduzu, haiekin hitz egin beharko zenuke zure alderantzizko hipoteka plana. Ziurtatu ulertzen dutela zer esan nahi duen eta zer egin hiltzen zarenean.
Beheko lerroa: Alderantzizko hipoteka bat lortu behar duzu?
Reverse mortgages don’t have a perfect reputation due to some scams targeting unsuspecting seniors. Even reputable companies try to trick homeowners into taking out reverse mortgages through dishonest marketing: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau sues and hits American Advisors Group with $1.1 million maximum in late 2021 Penalty for one of the reverse mortgage names. for misleading marketing.
So the simple rule is: be very, very careful about endangering your home.
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